Phenomenological extravaganza

First you had the rarely seen “Aircraft Produced Ice Particles” (APIPs, or “High Temperature Aircraft Contrails” (HTACs) in supercooled Altocumulus in the afternoon.  Contrails were being produced in clouds that were “only” -20 C to -30 C (-4 to -22 F) and aircraft contrails were thought to be impossible at those temperatures, but rather, only at much lower ones, below -40 C (-40 F) or so.

Then, just after sunset,  the heavy layer of Altocumulus produced a sun pillar!  I was out in Saddlebrooke having dinner with friends after sunset, so had to leave dinner for about ten minutes, but I was so excited for you that I had to see it for myself, too.  Since it would have been obscenely rude to tell my dinner friends the true reason why I left, when I got back after many minutes I told them I had to pee, and that seemed to go over pretty well I thought1.

Below, a coupla shots of that sun pillar I got while “peeing” on your behalf:

5:33 PM
5:33 PM  Gently falling pristine2 hexagonal plate ice crystals, falling face down from mostly supercooled Altocumulus clouds, produce a sun pillar.  This site says that sun pillars are typically seen with Cirrostratus clouds and I have not photographed ONE due to Cirrostratus clouds myself, but rather ones like this falling from……yes, that’s right, Altocumulus clouds having just a bit of ice in them.  How funny is that?

 

5:33 PM.  Closer look as it fades.  Note the small liquid water mammatus bubbles upper right.  Mammatus in liquid clouds is also pretty rare since they are downward moving puffs of air and droplets evaporate much faster than do ice crystals.  Mammatus is nearly always restricted to ice clouds for this reason.
5:33 PM. Closer look as it fades. Note the small liquid water mammatus bubbles upper right. Mammatus in liquid clouds is also pretty rare since they are downward moving puffs of air and droplets evaporate much faster than do ice crystals. Mammatus is nearly always restricted to ice clouds for this reason.  Was also wondering  if my oversize salad and hamburger had been served yet.

Let us look at our sounding and see if we can see how cold those Altocumulus clouds were:

Tucson sounding launched from our U of AZ around 3:30 PM yesterday.   The arrows denote the likely heights and temperatures of the Altocumulus we saw, somewhere around -20 C or -30 C or both.
Tucson sounding launched from our U of AZ around 3:30 PM yesterday. The arrows denote the likely heights and temperatures of the Altocumulus we saw, somewhere around -20 C  (-4 F) or -30 C (-22 F) for both.  Hard to tell which layer was the one the aircraft were flying in, but the colder the supercooled cloud the denser the ice trail.  So…..since they were dense yesterday, CM is going with the one at -30 C.  Yes, that’s right, liquid droplet clouds can exist at -30 C, full reasons not known, but indicates a lack of ice-forming particles up there.  But, it can also happen at the ground, too, in fogs.

Here are some of the magical, rare scenes from aircraft making ice canals in those very cold supercooled Altocumulus clouds:

2:25 PM.  Ice canal over Boot Barn.
2:25 PM. Ice canal over Boot Barn down there on Oracle somewhere.
2:29 PM.  Contrail castellanus?  Had never seen anything quite like this before.  Going crzy over sky phenomena now.
2:29 PM. Contrail castellanus (that row above the pole)? Had never seen anything quite like this before. Going crazy over sky phenomena now.  Word Press, as here,  is corrupting some of these images; can’t fix it so far.
2:50 PM.
2:50 PM.

 

3:51 PM
3:51 PM.  Just above corrupted part of this file–I’ve given up trying to fix it in WP,  is an aircraft streaking through this Cirrocumulus/Altocumulus deck, and an ice trail will form.  How can you tell that that aircraft is IN the cloud and not above it?  Look for different movement between the contrail and the cloud.  If they are moving together, its usually the case that the aircraft was in the cloud.  The aircraft is in the cloud at left.
3:51 PM Close up.  Very excited that a trail would develop.  You almost never see the aircraft leaving the trail like this; you see the trail after the aircraft is long gone.
3:51 PM Close up. Very excited that a trail would develop. You almost never see the aircraft leaving the trail like this; you see the trail after the aircraft is long gone.

Skipping to the chase, as hard as that is to do,  this trail really lit up as it got to the 22 degree point from the sun, where mock suns and such happen, producing a rainbow of colors due to iridescence, a rainbow producing by very tiny ice crystals in this case, of the order of a few microns in size.

3:55 PM.  Started to glow a little orange here.
3:55 PM. Started to glow a little orange here.

 

3:55 PM.  Was turning brighter colors as the seconds went by.  Unfortunately, this image is again corrupted when bringing it into WP.
3:55 PM. Close up of the feature event.  Was turning brighter colors as the seconds went by
Still 3:55 PM.  Going from orange to blueish.
Still 3:55 PM. Going from orange to blueish.
STLL 3:55 PM.  Color fades into white as this icy contrail in the Altocumulus raced eastward.
STLL 3:55 PM. Color fades into white as this icy contrail in the Altocumulus raced eastward.  More WP corruption here, too.  Think I’ll quit!  Just too much time to do this to have this kind of crap happen!  Sorry, having little baby tantrum now.

Guess about today’s clouds

Maybe a few Cirrus, patch or two of Cirrocumulus, and likely lenticular clouds, particularly off to the north.

The End

The big storm everyone’s talking about?

Oh, yeah, baby, its still comin’, begins on Wednesday, New Year’s Eve in the afternoon, continues for about 24 h off and on.

Bracketing possible precip totals:   still 0.25 inches on the bottom (10% chance of less), 1.50 inches on the top (10% chance of more).  Average of those two often brings the best estimate, which would be about 0.87 inches, somewhere in there.  You know, when you deal with wobbly cut off lows, you just can’t be real confident in how much rain they’ll bring.  However, it looks like the north part of the State will get the brunt in snow, which will be great for the water situation.

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1It would be fun to hear what your excuses were as a “CMJ”–Cloud Maven Junior,  if you were in a similar predicament last evening and HAD to see that rare sun pillar, rather than meet new people at dinner who wouldn’t be able to understand you anyway because you are compulsed like that;    leave a great dinner to go outside in cold air to take cloud photos.

Well, nobody really understands a CM.

I remember in grammar school and Junior High in Reseda, CA,  when kids teased me on clear days , saying, “Hey, Artie!  Is it gonna rain today?”  Then they would laugh at me for being a CM before I even answered the question, knowing all the while what the answer was going to be.  Still, out of civility, I would answer them:    “No, we’re having Santa Ana conditions now and it can’t rain for at least five days”,  but they would still be laughing in the midst of my explanation about why it wasn’t going to rain.    Kind of a sad scene when you think about it, that is, how mean kids can be to kids who are different.  Later, when I became a pretty good athlete, they liked me, which shows how important athletics is over knowing stuff, and helping you “fit in.”

2 “Pristine” means that can’t be gunked up by having collected cloud droplets on their faces because then the optics, like sun pillars, mock suns, that kind of thing can’t happen if the crystals are messed up with droplets on them or a lot of extra  hexagonal arms sticking out of them, as in bullet rosette ice crystals.

By Art Rangno

Retiree from a group specializing in airborne measurements of clouds and aerosols at the University of Washington (Cloud and Aerosol Research Group). The projects in which I participated were in many countries; from the Arctic to Brazil, from the Marshall Islands to South Africa.