The most wetness I could find for Catalina residents is in this here model run from last evening, 11 PM AST. Rains on the 27th into the 28th, as was mentioned as a possibility here some days previously, then it rains from the 29th into February 1st (new!) Prior model runs before this one last last night are much drier; are not shown, nor will they be discussed.
Gut feeling, which is what we meteorologists went on before the era of computer models, and frankly, its a feeling coming from a forecaster who suffers from “desert precipophilia1“, makes me think this wetter model run will be more correct than the bad, drier model runs that preceded it.
However, the rain in the first episode, 27th-28th, this from that system deep in the tropics, looks awful light, probably from mid-level clouds. Just looks like its not going to have much left when it gets here. An awful of rain, however, will have fallen on the ocean west and southwest of Baja California, though, before it arrives.
The later storm at the end of the month looks stronger. See the panel below, which I have pinched off IPS MeteoStar and have placed here since I suspect you won’t really look at it and I have to do pretty much everything for you:
Valid at 11 PM, January 30th. The colored regions denote those area where the model has calculated that precipitation has fallen during the PRIOR 12 h. Blue denotes heavier precip. A bunch of arrows have been added to show approximately where we are in Catalina, AZ. This is from our WRF-GFS model output based on last evening’s 11 PM global data, as rendered by IPS MeteoStar, a company who will be soon charging for these images it appears, they are that good. Nice rains in TX and OK, too.
Is spaghetti supportive of a wet Catalina in the near future, this latest off-the-computer-presses-to-you model run?
Not so much.
But then spaghetti let me down when I told a friend that “it was in the bag” for rain in Monterrey, CA on the 17 or 18th of Jan, about 12 days ahead of time, based on spaghetti. Didn’t rain at all. “Hey, take a bite out of credibility.”
So, we’ve been chastened royally here, as a British citizen might say; the deliberate errors in the “ensemble” plots sometimes aren’t big enough apparently compared to the goof ball measurements that sometimes come in. So, I’ve downplayed the idea that spaghetti is all knowing. It could be WRONG/misleading at times, anyway.
However, to balance the spaghetti picture, the encroaching trough coming in over us tomorrow WAS well predicted, long in advance. Unfortunately, it looks a little too dry to produce measurable rain, just a drop in temperatures. But, there should be some nice cloud scenes.
Some recent clouds
5:52 PM, Jan 18th. Nice patchy Cirrus clouds with a couple of flakes of droplet Altocumulus clouds floating around below them.2:25 PM. Patchy Cirrus fibratus or “intortus”–the latter meaning kind of a tangled mess in appearance.4:43 PM. Cirrocumulus undulatus, those just-formed clouds on the right, and at the upwind side of this complex (air movement from right to left up there). Those clouds on the right likely start out as very small droplets, but then freeze almost instantaneously, followed by fine trails of ice crystals that begin to settle out. You can see this fallout happening in the older thin Cirrus clouds at the upper right. Gravity waves like this, resembling ocean swells, ones that produce the “undulatus” variety of clouds, are common in atmosphere. When the air is very near saturation, we get to see them.4:56 PM. Kind of the same thing happening here, though a old contrail has messed things up a bit (angles toward the right lower corner). Middle right, you can see the very fine trails of ice crystals heading down.
The End
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1Does not appear to have a biogenic culprit. The origin of this affliction is currently unknown.
Wednesdays here in Catalinaland are, of course, trash and recycling days. And, along with T and R day, we found ourselves amidst some pretty pretty scenes, and in some cases, extraordinary ones,….and a little rain (a trace here in The Heights). I reprise those scenes in case you missed them; you probably did because you’re not some kind of photonut like the writer.
However, be advised that some of the mid-day photos will show smog, smog that was ingested into our poor clouds.
That smog bank, emitted from the Tucson area, almost reached Catalina yesterday during the day. It came up around Pusch Ridge and up along the west side of Samaniego Ridge and almost reached Catalina before its advance was halted by a north wind push and it retreated to the the south. My heart was beating so fast that it might overrun us! Marana and Oro Valley were heavily contaminated for awhile. And smog is like a cloud cancer1.
7:46 AM. A rare display of Stratus along the Tortolita Mountains. If you were hiking and were in this, it would be fog to you, still Stratus to me viewing it.7:46 AM. Rare shot of what appears to be ground fog or just fog rolling eastward out of Tucson. Some flakes of Altocumulus above, and a higher layer of Stratus on the Tucson Mountains.
8:49 AM. This was an amazing sight, to see a thin Stratus cloud fronting an early morning Cumulonimbus capillatus. The Stratus is hard to see, but its the thin dark line on the horizon above Priscilla’s house below the turrets and ice of the Cb. The only other time I have seen such a sight was in Seattle after a snow with Stratus clouds and fog all around the city, but with warm Puget Sound sending up plumes of big Cumulus clouds.
10:37 AM. The day was not without some cloud levity, as these “twin tower” Cumulus clouds show, drawing attention to themselves.
11:26 AM. First ice in clouds becomes visible. It was obvious a few minutes later, but if you saw at this time, or can find it here, you are a pretty CMJ, worthy of an accolade. Of course, if you looked at a radar map of the area, you would have known where to look in advance since there was a small echo in this complex by this time. The precip just was not enough to form a shaft. Note, as well, that Twin Peaks, Continental Ranch area is NOT visible due to the smog bank that was going to move up this way, as it turned out. And look how gorgeous it is toward the Tortolita Mountains!
11:38 AM. OK, here the ice from that turret in the prior photo is now obvious (center frizzy area). However, it was also obvious that the smog toward Marana/Continental Ranch was now closer, even while we had a north wind here in Catalina. Was that southwest wind going to win and mess up our fantastic skies?11:42 AM. Here you can see the smog as it was advancing around Push Ridge and had gotten farther north along the side of Samaniego Ridge. Those lower cloud fragments along Pusch Ridge at the top of the smog tell you that the air was more moist than the air our Cumulus clouds were forming in, and therefore, that this advancing smog bank likely associated with deliquesced aerosols from cars and other urban effluents (aka, “air sewage”) accumulated during the Tucson fog earlier that morning that was now being mixed into a deeper layer and heading this way! To think of breathing air like that. in a short while..it was a ghastly thought.
12:12 PM. To make a short story long, the advance of the smog, with its lower based clouds got as far as Golder Ranch Drive over there by Samaniego Ridge (whitish area below the lowest cloud base on the left), before receding under a freshet of north wind. However, some southern parts of Catalina were affected for a short time.
1:14 PM. By this time, larger complexes of Cumulonimbus clouds, pretty weak ones, were developing over and north of the Tortolita Mountains and upstream of us offering the hope of some measurable rain in Catalina, the smog pretty much pushed back to the southern parts or Oro Valley and Marana.
2:00 PM. Widespread light rain showers were in progress from these weak Cumulonimbus clouds, but sadly, bypassing Catalina. But huge visual payoffs were ahead as the clouds broke at times, and some stunning sights emerged.
2:35 PM. Stunning….to me, anyway. View this in full screen mode for best impact. Later, more accessible stunning.
3:01 PM. Breathtaking; in total awe of this scene! Note gliaciated tower at right.
4:28 PM. And those scenes just kept coming! It was hard to be indoors for even a minute.
5:28 PM. The fading sunlight and the fading Cu only got more breathtaking. And we realize how lucky we are to be here and see scenes like this so often.
5:38 PM. The smog belt, held at bay during the day, still lurked to the SW of us, compromising our sunset by providing a reddish-yellowish sickening hue to it, a sign of a smoky presence, that may compromise today if we’re unlucky.
The weather ahead and way ahead
Well, RIP El Niño, an EN expert has written me just yesterday. Not much left of it he says, having a attached a map of ocean temperature anomalies to kind of rub it in. So we can’t count on hot water in the eastern Pacific to help fuel Southwest storms as was expected by the CPC and others last spring. But, that doesn’t mean that there can’t be a juicy late winter and spring, but the odds are down.
And, we won’t see clouds like yesterday until the long-foretold-by- spaghetti trough arrives around the 22nd of January, and with it some chance of rain. Doesn’t look like it could possibly be very much. BTW, Only 0.02 inches total in three days of light showers in the current situation. :{
BUT…..in the longer term, spaghetti is once again HINTING at a break-on-through-to-the-other side situation, your writer’s favorite as a kid, 10-14 days from now. A high builds up along the West Coast and in the eastern Pacific, gets too big for its britches, can’t maintain its giant north-south range, drifts farther and farther north and begins to break up, kind of looking like a horseshoe with the open end down (toward the south) as the jet stream “breaks on through to the other side” and “underneath”, that being a jet stream comes through from the warm subtropical central Pacific to the southern areas of the West Coast.
The north part of the West Coast and Gulf of Alaska are dominated by higher pressure with lower pressure to the south, so its kind of an upside-down-from-normal looking weather map, pretty rare, and that’s why its cherished by yours truly.
The End, at last!
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1As you know, when clouds are heavily contaminated with air pollution, they can’t rain as easily because the droplets are smaller inhibiting rain in two ways: by preventing the formation of drizzle and rain drops, and making it more difficult for ice to form since the formation of ice happens at higher temperatures when cloud droplets are larger. So, clouds have to be taller when they are polluted to produce rain, either way.
It doesn’t get much better than this plot below for our Catalina weather 10-13 days ahead, which is always pretty fuzzy-looking as a rule. “Better” means for rain chances here, which is not everyone’s “better.”
Here’s the excitement:
Note blank area, that is, an area free of lines area centered on the gambling and other mischief-permitting State of Nevada1.
Note how the red lines dip down into Mexico, whilst the blue lines bulge northward into Canada along the West Coast.
This error-filled plot2 tells us that it is almost certain that a trough will be in the lower middle latitudes where we are on January 22nd or so. Just about guaranteed.
In the meantime, those blue lines indicated that a ridge of high pressure is going to divert northern storms into Canada and southeast Alaska. Sometimes we refer to situations like this as “split flow”; the southern portions of storms in the Pacific move ESE toward southern California and the Southwest, while the northern portions split off to the NE, as is happening now. Weak upper level disturbances pass overhead, the next one tomorrow, and with it, a little more rain, the models say.
U of AZ mod has rain moving in toward dawn tomorrow with totals here amounting to about like that last rain, 0.10 to 0. 25 inches. Given model vagaries, probably the lower and upper limits here are likely to be 0.05 (worst case scenario) and 0.50 inches (best case scenario), so a best guess would be the middle of those, 0.275 inches, not too much different from the AZ mod. This is the sports-like part of weather forecasting. What’s your estimate, fantasy or otherwise?
BTW, there were quite a few stations reporting over an inch of rain in Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties during the past 24 h, and so while weak, this system is pretty juicy, lots of liquid water as measured by dewpoints which should rise into the upper 40s to low 50s here during the next day. Also, there have been some embedded weak Cumulonimbus clouds and that’s a possibility here tomorrow, too, as the rainband goes by. You’ll be able to tell that by strong shafting below the clouds. As always, hoping we here in Catalina get shafted tomorrow.
But the ones these days are weak, while the split ahead in 10-13 days is likely to contain much stronger disturbances, well, at least ONE before it gives out.
Yesterday’s clouds
7:22 AM. Sunrise Altocumulus.
11:42 AM. Another very summer-like looking day with clouds beginning to pile ever higher over the Catalinas.
12:51 PM. Small Cumulus are developing over the Catalinas while far above them are, two crossing contrails, about the same age suggesting that aircraft crossed paths simultaneously. The FAA flight separation rules now allows for 1,000 feet of separation instead of the 2,000 feet in years past, and so if you’ve flown recently, you may have noticed planes that appeared to be a lot closer to you than ones a few years ago. This has been permitted due to improvements in aircraft GPS accuracy, and was deemed needed due to the vast increases in air traffic in the decades ahead. Still, there were times when opposite flying aircraft were so CLOSE, passing by like bullets, that you wanted to scream to the pilot, “Hey, wake up and smell the air space!!!!”
1:44 PM. Probably had a little ice in that smooth section, but overall really looked like a miniature summer Cumulonimbus cloud. Did not see if it had an echo, and never was it clear that there was ice.2:02 PM. As Altocumulus castellanus overspread the sky, lenticular clouds were still visible beyond the Catalinas. Some lenticulars began to sprout turrets, an odditity, but one driven by the condensation of water, something that releases a little heat (in this case) to the atmosphere causing the cloud to be more buoyant.
5:32 PM. A sunset of Cirrus and Altocumulus. Not bad.
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1What a great and honest state motto that would be! “Nevada: That US State where gambling and other social mischief is OK with us!”
2Don’t forget that due to growth in computer capabilities, we can now have many model runs from the same data and be done with them in a timely way. These “spaghetti”, “ensemble” or better yet, “Lorenz” plots are computer model runs with deliberate (!) slight errors introduced to see how the model forecasts of high and low pressure centers changes, given a few slight errors. This is because there are ALWAYS errors in the data anyway, there are always error bars on measurements, etc. By doing this, only the strongest signals in the forecasts remain, indicated by grouping of lines these two colors of lines, red and bluish. So, the forecast of the jet stream coming out of Asia is very, very reliable. Things go to HELL, downstream (toward the east), but some likely patterns can still be seen, such as the one over the Southwest US where a trough/low is almost certain in our area then. Will it bring us rain in Catalina? Hell, I don’t know because if the trough is a little too far to the east of us, we might only get cooler. However, since Cloud Maven person has a postive rain bias, he will say, “Absolutely. There will be rain in the Catalina area on January 22nd or so”–the actual timing might be off by a day or so.
From yesterday’s 18 Z, or 11 AM AST WRF-GFS model, this behemoth. Seems to be reaching up to grab something! Millions of square miles affected! This is the SAME giant storm you saw predicted in an earlier prog and displayed here yesterday from the prior evening’s run, just more ominous-looking here in the run some 18 h later. Will it happen? Comes and goes in the mod runs, but “spaghetti” hedges it to happen, at least some rain.
Valid on January 21st, at 11 PM AST. Regions of color denote those areas where the model has calculated that precipitation has fallen during the prior 12 h.
In the meantime, we received 0.09 inches here in Catalina/Sutherland Heights last evening, another shot of rain, with more little systems like that one predicted to affect us during the coming week. If you were watching, you saw that you could see blue sky on the NW horizon while it rained steadily, most of the day to our S. Go here to get the Pima County ALERT totals, the greatest about a quarter to a third of an inch.
Cloud bases were pretty high all day, around 11,000 feet above sea level (8,000 to 9,000 feet above ground level). Some boring photos:
1:31 PM. A rain band from mid-level clouds makes it way slowly northward toward Catalina. Altocumulus opacus to the north of the raining cloud; the precipitating cloud farther south is Nimbostratus (few know that the official cloud folk label “Nimbostratus” as a middle level cloud).Winds blasting out of a strong high pressure center in Texas pushed into Tucson, pushing the “usual” city effluent west and northwest into portions of southern Marana and the Continental Ranch development where snowbird and iconoclast climatologist, Mark Albright lives. Today’s word game is, say “iconoclast climatologist” three times as fast as you can.5:11 PM. Both sides of this cloud mass were visible near sunset, the clearing to the northwest beyond the virga can be seen here on the horizon while at the same time to the SSW, you could see the clearing on the south side. Really thought the chances of measurable rain here had ended at that time, but maybe, since 0.09 inches fell later in the evening its not good to say that, make you lose confidence in the things you read here.
In our last chapter, we saw that photos, perfectly fine ones here on the computer, were ending up corrupted when they arrived at WP for some reason. Unlike many computer problems, re-booting my own computer did not cure it. The next best thing to do, of course, is to wait and see if it just goes away2. And today, waiting has seemed to have cured the problem, since all the test photos up loaded got in OK. Check below.
Looks like our thick mid-level clouds overhead now have enough depth and moist air below them to drop measurable rain over the next 24-36 h. Will be happy if we get 0.10 inches here in Catalina. U of AZ mod total (last night’s 11 PM run) for here is more, 0.10 to 0.25 inches category, even better.
Some January 1st, 2015 snow photos. 3 inches total; 2 inches depth on ground at dawn (due to melting and settling).
Sunrise on the Torts (Tortolita Mountains)Overcast Stratocumulus, looking toward the “Arctic” Mountains of Catalina.Sunny highlight (maybe could be a brand of lemonade)January 1st snow photo test to see if uploaded photos are OK. Charouleau Gap in the distance.A classic, an “Arizona Christmas tree”, a “teddy bear? cholla cactus covered in snow.
OK, one more…. So far so good, suggests file corruption problem, wherever it came from, has been rectified somehow.
An Arizona winter scene. Will it snow again this winter? Check back in May. Hell if I know.
The weather way ahead
Ignoring the very light, sprinkly rains1 in the area now, ones that won’t amount to much, and since seeing predicted rain for us in the models is something like a little Valium for you, I thought I would post a couple of recently predicted Catalina rain boppers.
Valid Saturday, Jan 17th, 2015.Valid Wednesday, Jan 21st. Wow, what a storm! Look how big the area of precip is!
Of course, if we got all the rain forecast in the medium range, 10-15 days, that the models predict, we could grow pineapples and mangoes here without irrigation, so you have to keep that in mind as you look at these maps.
HOWEVER, CM, your own Catalina Cloud Maven person, DOES think that substantial rain from one of these is ahead for us, even if they come and go on the model runs.
Why?
Those “Lorenz plots” from the NOAA spaghetti factory. Of course, you knew I would say that, because you would say that, too.
Those plots are indicating a great chance for troughs in the lower flow band of the jet stream to be here in the Southwest in the middle to latter part of January. So, its not certain, but you lean that way. This is something you’ll also want to pass along to your less weatherwise neighbors today. To be wise in weather is to be great in a small way.
The End
PS: 3 F now in Asheville/Fletcher, NC, where bro lives. Man, they got kudzu there, too. How bad is that?
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1“Showers” is not the correct terminology for the of rain we have in the area right now. “Showers” of rain are marked by sudden changes in intensity since they are associated with cumuliform clouds that vary greatly in the horizontal, while light rain that changes intensity gradually falls from mostly flat or stratiform clouds that change gradually in the horizontal.
2I think it was Bob Metcalf, the inventor of the ethernet, who said:
Well, fountains spray water, and storms spray water (and snow) on the ground, so quite an unexpected confluence in descriptions, comparing fountains and storms.
That’s right, three storms are shown in the model run from last night. They been kind of coming and going, the model generally clueless about what’s really going to happen here, especially with California gully washing rains from the lower latitudes, that then affect Arizona.
However, they’re BACK, those gully washing rains in southern Cal, beginning around the 6-7th of Jan. They used to be exceptionally ferocious and floody in the WRF-GFS and came in on Rose Bowl day, that day when we were all dreaming of Ducks floating around in Pasadena. California Dreamin’, as it turned out. The floods now showing up would only be ordinary ones, at least to start.
But, “hey.” enough said about California! What about us?
A little snow overnight or the following morning after the day after Christmas. That would be the 26th. Precip amounts have to be light, since the trajectory of this cold storm is completely over land, but then that helps keep it cold, though I am not in favor of cold.
Amounts, again; Since its marginal to begin with; 0 to 0.25 inches max in melted snow water, if it snows.
Then what?
Next, on New Year’s Eve, the model, as rendered by IPS MeteoStar, erupted with this Arizona “fountain” number 2:
Valid at 5 AM AST. Jet core is already south of us, brown and reddish area, so it on the verge of raining here at that time.
But, as you know, when a low is predicted to be by itself, as in this case, the prediction is “iffy”. But, lows like this one, should it verify, bring the longest duration of rains and snows to Arizona, i. e,. are fabulous drought-denting storms because they move very slowly when out of the main flow. In fact this one would take more than 24 h to go by! You’d be looking at somewhere in the neighborhood of a half inch to an inch of precip here in the Catalina area.
Below, “fountain” number 3 “in preparation” as we say about our manuscripts, sometimes ones that never materialize in a journal, as it is with some of these storms the model predicts.
Truly, I say to you1, this is what dreams are made of for a southern California precipophile; get the sandbags out! Years of below normal rain, rectified! Drought busted! Let’s see what drought bustin’, mutton bustin’, cow-punchin’, drought stompin’, calf ropin’, hornswaglin’, storm herdin’ map really looks like:
Valid at 5 PM AST, January 5th. Drought bustin’ portent all over this map!
Don’t even need to show what happens after this, “Juicy” out there mixes it up with some Arctic air and is slammed into southern Cal with Hawaiian-like dewpoints and rain. Just like calf ropin’. That cold air and upper jet extruding offshore will “rope” Juicy in. Lotta “warm rain” involved, too, that type of rain that forms without the need for ice.
While Juicy loses some water and some punch after southern Cal, it would still be a big rain producer in Arizona, particularly the northern half. We would likely be just inside the edge of the southern edge of this. Still, we have to be glad for the State as a whole as our water situation would vastly improve with these storms, especially storm fountains 2 and 3.
Valid at 5 PM AST, Jan 5th. Looks pretty damn good for breakthrough flow to “the other side”, from the central Pacific to the West Coast and Great Southwest, wouldn’t you say? Note the bunching of red lines from the east Pac into Arizony. Chances better than average that we’ll see this break on through to the other side, Doors, 1967.
Standing by for snow and rain…. Sincerely, standing by for rain, C-M.
Yesterday’s day in contrails
Pretty upset yesterday as contrail after contrail formed and floated over Catalina. I don’t mind contrails when I’m flying somewhere, never even think of them, but when they foul the natural sky, I am livid.
Fortunately, the air got drier up there and contrails were rare after 10 AM. I can hardly stand to post this, but will for the sake of documentation so that you may be outraged as well. NIMB!
9:21 AM AST. Barrage of contrails fouls natural sky. Hope you’re mad now.
We hope this barrage was mainly due to those exceptional jet streams winds rushing down from Canada into the interior of the Southwest toward New Mexico causing airway contrails to shift over us.
Exceptional?
Some winds between 30,000 and 35,000 feet were clocked at over 200 mph! Great if you’re going from Seattle to Albuquerqueque, but not so great if you’re going the other way.
The End.
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1I had a sudden urge to say, “hypocrites!” just then for some reason. Crazy.
2″Spaghetti tasters”…. Made me wonder what happened to that great underground/alternative music band, The Oil Tasters… Remember their big hit, “Slit Chapped Lips“? Great example of what the 80s underground music scene was all about, that raw, exploration of different sounds, the overall contempt for “pop” music, the kind that makes a lot of money, like that produced by the Four Aces, etc.
(Can’t find that song about chapped lips on YouTube, its that good!) ((Later, found it!!))
((Can’t believe that I have touched the entire extrema of music in one blog, from the Four Aces on the left, to the Oil Tasters on the right, and everything in between; i.e., The Doors, 1967!)) (((Just shows you how deep your music knowledge can go; can it get any broader3?)))
3I remind the reader that if humor like this is not your cup of tea, nor the personality I effect here is also not, that my offer to stop blogging for a million dollars is still on the table.
When one first encounters this title with its unexpected play on words, we wonder what the author had in mind. Of course, most of us know that at Christmastime, we are often regaled by a Christmas tune called, “Frosty the Snowman1“. But here, we are surprised as we continue reading the title that instead of encountering the word, “snowman,” we encounter the word “Lemmon!” Hah!
What is meant here? What is author trying to tell us? Perhaps the word, “lemon”, has been misspelled. But if so, why would a “lemon” be frosty? Perhaps there was a cold spell in Florida and the author is harkening the reader to a long ago memory. Or, perhaps misspelling “lemon” was a literary device to emphasize that word in an eccentric way.
Yet, upon further investigation, we find that the issue is more complexed than first imagined. We find that there was an art teacher, nurse, and eventually, a self-educated botanist from New England, Sara Plummer Lemmon, who, with her husband and another worker, hiked to the top of the Catalina Mountains right here next to us, and while doing so, they logged the vegetation that was unique to the area. In their excitement when reaching the top, they named that highest peak after Mrs. Lemmon.
So, what does this piece of history add to our literary dilemma encapsulated in the title?
Perhaps Mrs. Lemmon did some work in the field of glaciology as well, hence, the word “frosty” as a possible hint of that work. Yet, upon investigation, we find no mention of work on ice crystals, hoar frost, nor glaciology not only in the work of Mrs. Lemmon, but neither in the work of any the team that mounted what is now known as Mt. Ms. Lemmon. We add that the note that the Lemmons, J. G. and Sara, were on their honeymoon at this time, historians tell us. Perhaps there is another avenue we can explore due to that latter element.
Could it be, too, that we are missing a characterization of Ms. Lemmon by our author? Perhaps she was shy, seen inadvertentlhy as “cold” by some, or was not particularly interested in the physical advances of her husband, J. G. The word “frosty” alert may be alerting us those possibilities.
Ultimately, we remain perplexed by this title; it forms an enigma that may never be confidently resolved.
But then good titles, and good books, are supposed to make us think, try to imagine what the author is telling us through his/her use of metaphor and other literary devices, and this title has done that.
We, of course, reject the most plausible, superficial explanation, that the author’s play on words was merely describing a local, snow and rimed-tree mountain named after Ms. Mt. Lemmon, as in the photo below. No, Occam’s Razor, the idea that the simplest explanation is usually the best one, will not do.
4:43 PM. Those trees are rimed, like the airframe of an aircraft that collects drops that freeze and cause icing. Here the wind blowing across the mountain top, and cloud droplets that were below freezing, hit the trees and froze over a period of many hours, creating this scene. Its not snow resting on the branches. That would’ve blowed off in the strong winds up there.
———End of Literary Criticism Parody Module———-
There was a rousing 0.24 inches of rain yesterday! Our storm total has topped out at 0.89 inches!
In other photos from yesterday:
9:42 AM. Altostratus translucidus again, with a few scattered Altocumulus cloud flakes, but this time with bulging Stratocumulus topping Samaniego Ridge, giving portent of a good Cumulus day if the As clouds will only depart and allow a LITTLE warmth. They did.
10:24 AM. Before long, cloud bases darkened here and there, indicating mounding tops above a general layer, and with the low freezing level of about 7,000 feet, the formation of ice and precip was not far behind.10:51 AM. Mountain obscuring showers were soon in progress due to both a little warming, but also because of a cloud energizing swirl in the upper atmosphere that passed over us at 1 PM AST. Did you notice that windshift aloft as that bend in the winds went by up there? You probably noticed that it was no dice, er, no ice, after 1 PM as the mash down of air that follows “troughs” did that very effectively after 1 PM.
10:52 AM. As the clouds (weak Cumulonimbus ones) broke, there was a fantastic rainbow for just a seconds to the north, landing on my neighbor’s house. It was even better before this, but was slow getting to the camera! Dang.
10:54 AM. “Pictures a poppin’ ” now as breaks in clouds allows those fabulous highlights of glinting rocks and scruffy Stratus fractus or Cumulus fractus clouds lining Sam Ridge, those highlight scenes that we love so much when the storm breaks. And these scenes change by the second, too!
11:00 AM.Also 11 AM. Out of control with camera now…..
11:12 AM. Meanwhile, back upwind… This line of modest Cumulonimbus clouds fronted by a weak shelf cloud roared in across Oro Valley to Catalina. What a great sight this was since now there was a chance of some more decent rains! Before long, the rains pounded down, puddles formed, and another 0.18 inches had been added to our already substantial total of 0.65 inches.
12:01 PM. But that wasn’t the end, was it? Before long, a heavy line of Cumulus and weak Cumulonimbus clouds formed again to the southwest and drenched Catalina with another round of rain, this time, only 0.06 inches. And with it came the End. This line of showers was spurred by that upper level wind shift that was going to occur over the next hour.
1:01 PM. Sometimes those clearing skies, the deep blue accentuating the smaller Cumulus clouds provide our most postcard scenes of the great life we have here in the desert.2:13 PM. While it was sad looking for ice in the afternoon clouds and finding none, the scenes themselves buoyed one. The instability was great enough that even brief pileus cap clouds were seen on top of our Cu.2:21 PM. Pileus cap cloud (right turret) tops honest-to-goodness December Cumulus congestus cloud. No ice nowhere.
2:28 PM. And if the sky and mountains splendor isn’t enough for you, then consider our blazing fall-winter vegetation as evidenced by a cottonwood tree in the Sutherland Wash,’ that yellow dot, lower center. We have it ALL now!2:48 PM. And, as the cloud tops are kept low, we get those fantastic, quilted, richly colored scenes on our Catalina Mountains we love so much. Here, looking toward Charouleau Gap and Samaniego Peak. I could show you so many more like this from just yesterday!
5:08 PM. Even our lowly regarded teddy bear chollas have luster on days like this, the weak winter sunlight being reflected off its razor-hook-like spines, ones that many of us know too well.
5:12 PM. And like so many of our days here in old Arizony, closed out with a great sunset.
Possibility raised in mods for giant southern Cal floods, maybe some flooding in AZ floods, too
Something in the spaghetti plots has been tantalizing as far as West Coast weather goes. They have been consistently showing a stream of flow from the tropics and sub-tropics, blasting into the West Coast. Recall that yesterday, that tropical flow was so strong and so far south, that at least one major gully washed was shown to pass across central and southern California on New Year’s Day, but weaken and shift to the north of southern AZ after that.
Well, my jaw dropped when this model run from yesterday at 11 AM AST came out, re-enforcing, even raising the bar on flooding, in central and southern California, and with those stronger storms, the possibility of flooding and major winter rains here in Arizona was raised. The severity of the pattern shown aloft is not one I have seen before, and for that reason alone, might be considered somewhat of an outlier prediction, one really not likely to occur.
Now, while there is some support in this model flooding “solution” in the spaghetti plots, the main reason I am going to present a series of what a disastrous Cal flood looks like is just FYI and how it develops. The closest analog to this situation was in January 1969 when a blocking high in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA), forced the major jet stream far south across the central and eastern Pacific on several occasions producing disastrous floods in southern California in particular, where one mountain station received more than 25 inches of rain in ONE DAY!
Also that blocking high in the GOA in Jan 1969 also forced unusually cold air into the Pac NW, where Seattle (SEA-TAC AP) accumulated 21 inches of snow over the month, still a record.
Here we go, in prog maps of our WRF-GFS rendered by IPS MeteoStar:
In the Beginning, the blocking high, shunting the jet stream to the south and to the north takes shape in the GOA. Note low far to the south between Hawaii and southern California. Get sand bags out now! This is for 11 PM AST, 28th of December.
24 h later:
Valid at 11 PM AST 29 December. Southern Cal flooding underway. Cold air pocket in Oregon has slipped southwestward helping to energize the lower band of jet stream winds by bringing cold air out over the ocean. The greater the temperature contrast between the north and the south, the greater the speed of the jet stream between the deep warm air to the south, and the deep cold air to the north. Note, too, high is getting farther out of the way in the Gulf of Alaska.
The situation continues to strengthen, and leads to this Coup de Gras, 11 PM AST January 1st. A system this strong barging into southern Cal is mind-boggling, and this panel is what brought this part of the blog, to show you what a devastating flood in that area would look like:
Valid at 11 PM, January 1st. In my opinion, I doubt the Rose Bowl game between the Oregon Ducks and Florida State would take place in Pasadena, CA, if this were to transpire.
Now for AZ. Here’s the prog for 12 h later, 11 AM AST January 2nd, Cactus Bowl Day in Tempe, AZ between the Washington Huskies and the Oklahoma A&M Aggies, to continue with sport’s notes here. Rain would be expected for that game should this pattern persist:
Valid at 11 AM AST, January 2nd. This is an unbelievably strong wave that has roared in from the lower latitudes of the Pacific. While it rushes through Arizona in a hurry, heavy rains, and some flooding are likely should things transpire like this.
Now for a gee-whiz, scary analog….one from WAY back in the winter of 1861-62 when the situation decribed above was likely very similar to what it was in that terrible flood; severe cold in progress in the Pac NW, as it would be in the upcoming situation; a tropical torrent raging in from the Pacific. This 1861-62 flood episode is still remembered. However, it went on for 30-40 days (!) with recurring episodes turning much of California’s central valley into a lake, Los Angeles area, too, where there was a report of 35 inches of rain in 30 days.
What’s ahead, really?
Well the models are going to fluctuate on the strength of this breakthrough flow “underneath” the blocking high in the Gulf of Alaska. But almost certainly one major rain event will break through as that this happens. Its kind of a fragile flow regime, so it usually doesn’t last long.
Whether it will be stupefyingly historic, or just another ordinary southern Cal gully washer, can’t be pinned down. But, if you lived down there, you’d want to be looking around and seeing what you could do to divert water, fix a roof, etc.
There would be strong, damaging winds with one of these “coming-in-underneath”, too, and, for surfers, giant waves!
Interesting times ahead! “Floodmagedon”, as we like to say these days?
No real weather here for awhile, except around Christmas when a mild cold snap, and a little chance of precip occurs as a cold front goes by.
The End, for awhile.
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1The most intellectually satisfying version of “Frosty the Snowman” was, of course, has been rendered by Bob Dylan.
Due to some kind of server meltdown, the NOAA spaghetti plots, better, “Lorenz plots” in honor of “Dr. Chaos”, Edward N. Lorenz, the ones my fans1 like so much, have not been available.
But they’re back today!
But what are they telling us? Gander this for Christmas Day:
Valid at 5 PM AST Christmas Day, December 25th. I’ve annotated it especially for you. The view is one where your looking down at where Santa lives from a big tower. Not all annotations are accurate.
Don’t need to tell you that the weather looks like there’s a good chance of cold and threatening weather for Christmas Day. Big trough implanting itself in the West around then. Maybe those easterners who hogged all the cold air last winter will share some of it this winter. The warmth we had last winter made it bad for horsey with all the fly larvae that survived.
Kind of bored now with the rain immeidately ahead, but only because everybody else is talking about it, too. Its no fun when you don’t have a scoop and you’re just saying things that other people are already saying. Even my brother in North Carolina, who knows nothing about weather, told ME that it was going to rain here on Thursday! How lame is that? Of course, it is true that you won’t here anywhere else that the chance of measurable rain is more than 100% this week in Catalina ; at least I still have that. Tell your friends.
When does it fall? Sometime, maybe multiple times, between Tuesday afternoon and Friday morning. Hahaha, sort of.
Looks like the first trough and weather system will go over on Tuesday through Wednesday, chances of rain then, and yet another colder one on Wednesday night into Thursday. So, 100% chance of measurable rain falling sometime between Tuesday afternoon and Friday morning, probably in several periods of rain. Look for a frosty Lemmon Friday morning.
Predicted amounts from this keyboard? Think the bottom of this several day period of individual rain events will be only a quarter of an inch. Top, could be an inch, if everything falls into place. Canadian mod from 5 PM AST global data yesterday, for now has dried up one of the storms, that on Thursday, the day the USA! model thinks is our best chance for good rains based on the virtually same global data! Of note, the USA model based on 11 PM AST data, has begun to lessen our Thursday storm that bit.
This is the reason that the certainty of measurable rain here in Catalina is spread over such a several day period.
Your cloud day yesterday
Just various forms of Cirrus, most seemingly from old contrails that produced exceptional parhelias (sun dogs, mock suns).
Very contrail-ee sunset, too, as contrail lines advanced from the west. They were likely more than an hour old when they passed over Catalina yesterday.
10:56 AM. Glistening rocks after the rain. Very nice. Cu fractus at moutain tops.
2:36 PM. Nice example of the rare seen Cirrostratus fibratus (has lines in it). Hope you logged it.
3:42 PM. Looks like old contrails to this old eye, resembling CIrrus radiatus. The “radiating” aspect may be due to perspective.
3:50 PM. Parhelia lights up in CIrrus. These, due to the high speed of Cirrus movement, only last seconds in thin streamers like these. To get really spectacular optics the crystals up there have to be especially simple, like plates and stubby columns, maybe prisms as well. When aircraft create contrails, there is an excess of ice crystals, far more than occur in natural Cirrus as a rule, and due to that high concentration, can’t grow much and usually stay as simple crystals, not develop complicated forms like bullet rosettes, crystals with stems sticking out every which way.5:23 PM. Contrail-ee sunset. Pretty, but awful at the same time, since it shows how the natural sky can be impacted by us in our modern lives. You wonder how much of us the earth can take?
The End
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1Why just recently C-M had a comment from a fan in Lebanon3, that country near Israel, not the one in Ohio2! Said it was warm there now, but normally it rains for days at time in the winter, and gets real cold. You see, the eastern Mediterranean is, climatologically speaking, a trough bowl. Troughs just hang out there a lot, creating something called the “Cypress Low.” Though it only rains in the cool season, October through May, as in Israel, places in Lebanon get 25 -40 inches of rain during that time, and its exciting rain because it almost all falls from Cumulonimbus clouds, many with lightning! C-M is getting pretty excited, since he’s on record as wanting to go Lebanon to study the clouds there! See Lingua Franca article from 1997! He loves those Mediterranean wintertime Cu. Hell, you probably threw it out, so here it is: Lingua Franca _1997. See last sentence. last page. Thanks.
2Speaking of Ohio, who can forget that great 1980s rant against urban sprawl in Ohio by Chrissie Hinds and the Pretenders! Will it happen to Catalina after the road project? An insurance agent told me that Catalina was to be absorbed by Oro Valley after it was completed. Oro Valley says they know nothing about that.
Front will roar across like a mouse, not a lion, as hoped for a few days ago. Not too many rain “calories” in it. Measurable rain will still occur, starting sometime between 9 AM and 10 AM AST–oops. raining now at 7:10 AM! Check out U of AZ model for rain timing. First drops fall here in that model output (from 11 PM AST last night), between 8 AM and 9 AM. The frontal band, such as it is, is almost here! However, the model rain tends to arrive a little fast here, though not always. FYI, be on guard.
C-M is holding firm with a minimum of 0.15 inches today, but previous foretold possible top of 0.80 inches a few days ago is out of the question. Will be happy with 0.25 inches at my house. Since I am also measuring the rain as well as forecasting it, I have a feeling things will turn out fine.
There will be a nice temperature drop, windshift, and simultaneous rise in pressure as the cold front goes by–it’ll be fun for you to watch the barometer today and see the minute the front goes by as higher pressure begins to squash down on you.
Rain might reach briefly moderate intensity (defined by official weatherfolk as 0.10 to 0.30 inches per hour). It would be great if it lasted an hour at that rate, but it likely won’t. Its moving pretty fast, and it doesn’t seem like more than 2 h of rain can occur today. Look for a nice clearing in the afternoon, and a COOL evening.
Drive south if you want to avoid rain today. Jet core (in the middle levels, 500 millibars, 18, 000 feet above sea level) is almost overhead, and just to south, and that core is almost a black-white discriminator of rain here in the cool season. So, we’re on the edge of the precip today. More to the north; less to the south.
Some clouds for you
1O:55 AM, December 11. Thought you should see this nice line of Ac castellanus and floccus underneath Cirrus spissatus.7:02 AM. Sunrise.12:32 PM. Wind picking up at the ground and aloft. Note tiny Ac lenticular with Cu fractus clouds.3:14 PM. The high cloud shield from the storm encroaches. Could call this either Cirrus spissatus or Altostratus translucidus.5:22 PM. Now we’re talkin’ Altostratus with underlit mammatus and fine virga. So pretty.5:29 PM. A late “bloom”, not really expected. Shows that there was a clear slot far beyond the horizon. Had to pull off by the Refuse Waste station on Oracle to get this. I hope you’re happy.
The weather ahead and WAY ahead
Speaking of bowls, and let’s face it, with only a 100 or so we could use a few more1; we here in all of Arizona are in the “Trough Bowl” now.
This means that troughs (storms and cold fronts) that barge into the West Coast will gravitate to Arizona instead of bypassing us and they will do that over and over again. Being in the Trough Bowl is great fun! Lots of weather excitement for weather-centric folk like yours truly. When you’re in the Trough Bowl, the weather is “unsettled”; is NEVER really nice (if you like sun and warmth) for very long because a new front/trough is barreling in at you.
So, while today might be a little disappointing, we will have many chances to get the “real thing”, i.e., a behemoth of a trough among the many that affect us in the weeks ahead.
In the longer view, a behemoth of a trough for the Great SW has just popped out of the models1 just last night in the 11 PM AST run! Gander this monster truck trough for AZ. Where’s that monster truck event announcer, we need him now!
Valid for 11 PM AST, Christmas Day! Wow. Can’t really take this at face value that far out, but if it did happen, likely would be snow in the Catalina area, and horsey would likely need a blanket after it went by. Will keep you informed periodically about this as the days go by.
OK, enough weather “calories” for you today. Hope you’re excited like me.
The End
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1Furthermore, why don’t we have bowls for women’s teams, what happened to Title IX there, maybe Beach or Sand Football? )
2As rendered by IPS MeteoStar, which is about to go from “free” to “fee” in January. Dang.
Flash: Plethora of storms lining up for Catalina during the rest of December. Spring wildflower seeds take note. Expecting to see a little snow here, too, in one of those–happens about once a year at our elevation (3,000 to 3500 feet), btw, so its not terribly unusual.)
The first one, on December 12th, is in the bag, the one we’ve talked about for a few months I think (that forecast based on spaghetti), except now it happens on the 13th. Droughty Cal will get slammed by this one, too.
Hope you’re happy now.
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Now, for the “main event,” a recapitulation yesterday’s clouds….
A Nice,cool and gray day it was, if you like sky-covering layers of Altostratus translucidus and opacus , interrupted in the mid-day hours by a lower layer of Altocumulus clouds.
Those Altocumulus clouds represented a “thin” corridor of clouds between deeper bands that went over us yesterday. Bands of thicker and thinner clouds are pretty normal as storms pass by us. First, this overview from satellite of our cloud sequence:
Visible satellite image for 1:15 PM yesterday when Altocumulus clouds comprised the main deck, rather than Altostratus. Too bad there was more humidity underneath this system,; coulda been a great rain. The arrow points to our location and the thinner cloud corridor that pass over at that time. Cloud banding like this always occurs with storms, providing lighter and heavier periods of rain over an hour or two.
From the beginning, these for your edification:
9:29 AM. Classic icy Altostratus translucidus. No droplet clouds evident. Hope you logged that remark. Estimated height above ground? 22, 000 feet at this time, somewhat lower than the balloon sounding indicated at 5 AM AST. Stuff lowers with time as storms approach.
11:29 AM. Big virga (falling snow) from Altostratus opacus (sun’s possible is not detectable at this time) rolls in from the horizon. Lots of weak radar echoes beginning to show up in our area. Some lower flakes of Altocumulus clouds can be seen at left center, and on the horizon, left center. Bases now around 18,000-20, 000 feet above the ground. Likely a few drops were reaching the ground where the virga hangs down another few thousand feet. Freezing level was around 11,000 feet above sea level.1:40 PM. Thin spot in satellite image, characterized by Altocumulus opacus clouds, was now passing over us between bands of heavy Altostratus with virga. As a CMJ, the appropriate thing to say to your neighbor would have been, “Wow (lot of excitement here), what happened to those deep clouds?! Cloud tops have really come down. Must be a thin spot. Hope that darkness on the horizon is another deep cloud band because then it might rain.” End of excitement. Cloud bases as you would guess, have continued to lower (but not nearly as much as the tops did). The Altocumulus bases here are estimated to be 12,000 feet above the ground. (By the end of the day, they were about 9, 000 feet above the ground, 12,000 feet above sea level).
3:05 PM. That last banded feature in the sat image, consisting of Altostratus opacus again, is starting to pass overhead. More weak radar echoes were present, some passing overhead, but, saw no evidence of a single drop on trace detector (car parked out in the open, moved for that purpose, since CM can’t be outside at all times.3:06 PM. Most of you will share my excitement here; surely a drop will be felt at any moment! As you know, in these situations, the rain hits the ground (largest drops first) long after the preciping part of the cloud has passed overhead. So, here we are looking downwind over the Charoulou Gap at a bunch of virga that passed over a few minutes ago, hoping for that drop that never came.5:01 PM. As the deep cloud tops moved away, and a large clearing approached from the west, the setting sun provided a golden view of Samaniego Ridge. The lower-topped Altocumulus clouds can be seen above Sam Ridge. Bases were now down to 9,000 feet above the ground. Tops were about 16, 000 ASL, about -13 C. Higher colder tops were still in the area producing virga.
5:03 PM. Even the teddy bear cholla, as horrible as it is, can be quite gorgeous in the evening light.5:19 PM. Later, sunset occurred, pretty much on time. It was OK. These, of course, are those Altocumulus clouds, sans virga; too warm in this case for ice production even with tops around -13 C, or about 9 F. Ice formation characteristics can vary from day to day, the reason is not always clear, but seems to be most closely related to the sizes of the cloud droplets. The bigger they are, the higher the temperature at which they freeze.
Below, from Intellicast, folks who hate Accuweather, where our radar network thought it rained a few drops on you (or probably just above you) yesterday:
Radar-derived precipitation for the 24 h ending at 5 AM AST this morning. Note dry slot over Catalina.
